Skin Infections: What They Are and How to Handle Them

Skin infections show up as red, sore, or weepy patches that can spread fast if you ignore them. They’re caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses that slip through a cut, scratch, or even a tiny pimple. The good news? Most of them are easy to spot and treat at home, but a few need a doctor’s prescription.

Knowing the basics can save you from nasty complications and endless trips to the pharmacy. Below we’ll break down the most common types, how to tell them apart, and the smartest steps to clear them up.

Common Types of Skin Infections

Bacterial infections like impetigo, cellulitis, and folliculitis usually start after a break in the skin. Impetigo shows up as honey‑colored crusts around the mouth or nose, while cellulitis causes a warm, painful red area that can feel tight. Folliculitis looks like tiny bumps around hair follicles, often with a pus tip.

Fungal infections love damp, warm spots. Athlete’s foot and ringworm are the classic examples. Ringworm appears as a round, scaly ring with a clearer center, and it can spread to the groin, scalp, or nails. Yeast infections, especially Candida on skin folds, cause red, itchy patches that may ooze.

Viral infections are less common but still worth noting. Herpes simplex can cause painful blisters on the face or genitals, and warts (caused by HPV) appear as raised, rough growths.

Other skin issues, like urticaria (hives), aren’t infections but can look similar. For instance, betamethasone cream is often used to calm hives, but it won’t cure a bacterial infection.

How to Treat and When to See a Doctor

First, clean the area with mild soap and water. Don’t scrub hard—just remove dirt and debris. Pat dry with a clean towel.

For minor bacterial infections, over‑the‑counter (OTC) antibiotic ointments like bacitracin or mupirocin can help. Apply a thin layer three times a day and cover with a sterile bandage if the wound is open.

If the infection looks deeper (spreads quickly, feels hot, or you have a fever), oral antibiotics are needed. Common choices include cephalexin or doxycycline, but a doctor will pick the right one based on the infection type.

Fungal infections respond well to OTC antifungal creams such as clotrimazole or terbinafine. Keep the area dry, change socks or underwear daily, and continue treatment for at least a week after symptoms clear to prevent a comeback.

When to call a professional? Seek medical help if you notice any of these red flags:

• Rapid spreading of redness or swelling
• Severe pain, fever, or chills
• Pus that’s thick, yellow or foul‑smelling
• Infection near the eyes, mouth, or genital area
• Symptoms lasting more than a week despite home care

Doctors may prescribe stronger antibiotics, antifungals, or even a short course of steroids if inflammation is high. In some cases, like deep cellulitis, a hospital stay and IV antibiotics are necessary.

Probiotics can be a handy sidekick when you’re on antibiotics. Pairing Cefuroxime with a probiotic, for example, helps keep your gut healthy and reduces the chance of diarrhea—a common side effect.

Prevention is the cheapest cure. Wash your hands often, keep cuts covered, avoid sharing towels, and wear breathable fabrics. If you’re into sports, make sure your gear dries fully after each use.

Bottom line: most skin infections are easy to spot and treat, but don’t let them linger. Clean, cover, and treat early, and call a doctor when things look serious. Your skin will thank you for the quick attention.